C++ program typically consists of multiple functions and statements.

Statements

• A statement is a basic unit of computation in C++.
• Every C++ program is a collection of statements.
• Statements end with a semicolon (;)

• Statements are executed top to bottom, in sequential order, one after the other statement.

Functions

A function is a sequential set of statements defined in a block of code, accomplishing something.

• A function can optionally return something to the caller of the function.
• A function must be defined before it’s use.
• Functions provide re-usability of code.